Page 12 - NCC NEWS 月刊108年2月號
P. 12
ਖ਼ᙷ༑ᕚ
อၲમஞІ͟ʿୋ15ૢڭღɛ͏ʈЪᛆʘจϙ֠ೌޔ ࠽ٙᒯӷԫྼdϤމɓছՑɽదڧ͕ᒯ
ᙃf ӷᛆ௰౷ཁ˲੬Ԉʘᗳۨfਜ፫ᅺd˴ࠅί
ʮකٙ༟ৃ݊щމᒯӷٙԫྼd߰݊ɽ౷
ɦӻن֛˸ᙆ࿀ዚᗫމၮዚᗫd͵ᗭፗၾ
ཁʊٝٙৃࢹdۆʔၑڧ͕ᒯӷf
͍جܛҏࡡۆϞ༼f˸ɨᔫఱ͉ࣩنᙄٙɚධᛆл
Ъᙕᙑf ɧ፹Ⴌజኬ˼ɛᒯӷPlacing an individual in a false
lightϤᗳڧᛆБމ່֛މ˸፹ႬٙeՈϞ৷ܓ
൩eᒯӷᛆʘจ່ၾڭᚐᇍᖚ ڽ͕ٙ˙όΣɽజኬݔत֛ɛيfՉၾሡᑸ
Чdࡡѓᗇৃࢹ͉ሯɪ፹Ⴌeৃࢹ০࿁ࡡ
ɓeᒯӷᛆ฿ׂʘᆽ֛
ѓeৃࢹʮකഃɧࠅfՉၾሡᑸʘਜйί
ᎇഹٟึ͏˴ၾІ͟ʷdɛ͏࿁ᒯӷᛆڭᚐจᗆ dϤᒯӷൡதίᎵࡈɛٙၚग़ෆdڢ
৷dΪϾϞ൳Ը൳εڧᒯӷᛆٙઋԫdࡈɛᒯӷʿ ᎵΤᚑᛆሡᑸٙͦٙfϤᗳۨڧᛆɪܼ̍ҩ
Չڭᚐᇍᖚʥ݊ɓ೯࢝ʕٙ฿ׂdνОቇʲ່֛ᒯӷᛆ Ϝe̋ذቒdൈഃɧᗳfԫྼ݊Ϥᗳڧ
ʿՉڭᚐᇍᖚϓމɓɽᗭᕚf༰ᆄνᅃഃίਿ ᛆ௰˴ࠅٙеபૢd߰దజኬމॆd͊Ո௪
͉جɪԙʦʥೌᗫ֛dԭݲν˚͉eၽᝄഃd ྼყెจ˲ၾʮлूϞᗫdۆ̙ЪމҤᚗʘଣ
ΣԸաՑߕᅂᚤdߕᒯӷᛆкԷʿଣሞʊዝεϋ ͟f
೯࢝dՓܓ̙ፗҁ௪fҢج৫кӔνঐϞהમ͜d࿁
̬ڧᓔintrusion upon physical seclusionจуί
͏ᒯӷᛆʘڭᚐʿ੶ʷdᏐঐϞהႢूf
ৃࢹႎණٙཀʕd˸ɓ၇࿁ଣɛՈϞ৷ܓ
ତ˾ᒯӷᛆٙڭღdɓছʮႩၴІ1890ϋശࡐ ڽ͕ٙ˙ό݂จڧɝݔɛٙӷɛ٤ගאࡈɛ
Samuel Warrenၾ̺ᚆLouis BrandeisΥഹʘ ԫਕfʔΝيଣٙڢجڧɝTrespassd
ᒯӷᛆThe Right to Privacyɓ˖ d˼ࡁ੶ሜОɛ уԴ݊ίӚϞԒڧɝًٙ࿒ɨdɰ̙ঐϓ
Ϟ͛ݺʘᛆлʿዹஈϾʔաʍᓔʘᛆлgeneral right ڧᓔfк֛ᅺ݊ࡈɛ݊щՈϞΥଣᒯӷಂܙ
of the individual to be let aloned༈˖̈ᒯӷᛆʘ˴ Reasonable Expection of Privacyf
ੵd݊މəΪᏐదʔᏺ͜อၲІ͟dϾ̀࿁त֛
ˢ༰جϾԊdߕجܛྼਕਗ਼Υଣᒯӷಂܙᅺ
ӷɛΪϤהቊաʔϾཀܓᄌडʘːᜳ೨߮ʚ˸ڭღd
Reasonable Expection of Privacy Protection test
הᏐʚዹͭ̈ʘᛆлᗳۨfኮج࿁ࡈɛᛆлڭᚐd
ᄿع༶͜Αԫ̡جᄴࠦdνฤ॰eϔץБމڧ͕
͟ɛԒІ͟ڭᚐᓒʿՑΤᚑ˙ࠦd௰ܝʔ̙ᒒеήึᓒ
ᒯӷ˸ʿ͏ԫڧᒯӷᛆБމʘкᓙdϤɗΪᒯӷᛆڭ
ʿՑࡈɛʘܠซઋၫձชաdא٫ʔ̙ڧ͕ʘɛࣸf
ღԸІኮجɪࠅӋdϾΥଣᒯӷಂܙᅺɗ͜˸кᓙᒯ
ཀϵቱϋ೯࢝dʔසٝ͟Τኪ٫౷९બProsserᆽ
2
ӷᛆٙπίၾщ f
ͭᒯӷᛆ̬ٙ၇ڧᛆᗳۨdఢͭəᒯӷᛆίߕ͏ԫج
ჯਹᖢոٙਿᓾdߕึ͵1974ϋஷཀΌٙᑌ
ɧeҢᗫᒯӷᛆʘ̡ج৫ᙑο༆ᙑ
ԞᒯӷجThe Privacy Act of 1974f
ᒯӷᛆίҢኮج͊Ϟ˖֛d͏81ϋ̡ج
ɚeߕج࿁ᒯӷᛆڧʘʱᗳ ৫ᙑοୋ293༆ᙑ˖ʕ̈ତᒯӷᛆ฿ׂdՉʔΝ
ᎇഹᒯӷᛆίߕ୦࿕جɪᐏ౷ཁוႩd1960 จԈࣣూආɓӉʿᒯӷᛆၾኮجୋ22ૢʿୋ23ૢʘ
ᗫڷd̡ج৫ᙑοୋ509ʿ̡ج৫ᙑοୋ535༆ᙑ
ϋ̋ψɽኪݡдഺʱࣧ౷९બWilliam Prosser
͵Ցᒯӷᛆɓ൚dШ͊ԊኮجɪʘԱኽfٜՑ̡ج
ԱԷਗ਼ᒯӷᛆٙڧʱމ̬ɽᗳ j
1
৫ᙑοୋ585e̡ج৫ᙑοୋ603d͍όוႩމ
ɓೳ͜Commercial appropriation of name or
ኮج˖ڭღʘᛆлԨʿ༟ৃІӔၾ༟ৃᒯӷᛆ͵݊
likenessೳ່֛͜މί͊˼ɛ Νจɨਗ਼˼ɛ
ᒯӷᛆʘ೯࢝ᇍᖚf݊˸Ңኮجᒱ͊Ԋڭღɛ͏ᒯ
2019 g
֑ΤאᗳЧي͜ਠุͦٙdɰ၈މڧࡈɛٙ
ӷᛆdШਿɛయᘌၾࡈɛ˴ၪᚐʿɛࣸ೯࢝ҁ
ʮකڌͪᛆThe Right of Publicitydν͉͊
dᒯӷᛆڭᚐʥ݊ʔ̙אॹʘᛆлf݂աኮجୋ22ૢ
ɛ̙ኸІԴٝ͜Τစࡰ˪Ъމਠุ܁ෂfϤ
הڭღfϞᛠা٫ଡ଼َ˺ඟ༧ਊשၾ༧ɛʘග
ᗳڧᛆ੬ԈਠุڌစݺਗfШίอၲʕԴ֑͜
ٙላ߉ᄴ̈ʔᇊd̡ج৫ᙑοୋ689ɗఱΝᅵաՑอ
Τא˪א९ഃdʔႩ֛މਠุԴ͜f
NCC NEWS
ၲІ͟ၾࡈɛᒯӷᛆʘගהପ͛ٙላ߉d˸ʿอၲમஞ
ɚ౧ᚣᒯӷԫྼPublic disclosure of embarrassing ٙ༧Ϊऒʿ༼ˀٟึॣҏၪᚐجdద݊щ̙˴ੵա
facts͵у͊ʪʮක˿ɛᏇ҄˲ʔՈอၲᄆ ኮجڭღdЪϓһආɓӉʘᙕᙑf
10